We serve Christians around the world whose brave faith in Jesus means they are, beaten, threatened, imprisoned, tortured, falsely accused, disowned and hated.

Eritrea

World Watch List ranking: 5

How many Christians?

1.7 million (44.2%)

Leader

President Isaias Afwerki

SUMMARY

Christians in churches the government refuses to formally approve are considered enemies of the state and have faced beatings, imprisonment and torture. Those who are arrested have been locked in metal shipping containers, battling with horrific heat in the day and freezing temperatures at night. Islamic extremism is on the rise, and radical groups seem well connected with country leaders.

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“Even when we are in suffering, we rejoice. Our happiness is not based on what we have or do not have. When people see that, they accept Jesus.”

Pastor Gideon, who has spent more than six years in prison for his faith

ERITREA: How are Christians persecuted?

  • The Eritrean government gives legal status to only four religious groups, excluding most Evangelical and Pentecostal denominations. There is zero tolerance for unregistered churches: those caught worshipping illegally can face brutal punishment and indefinite imprisonment in terrible conditions. 
  • “We live in fear of who will be arrested next,” shares Paulos*, an Eritrean Christian. “Will it be another brother in Christ? Will it be me? But we must continue to walk with God. We build upon what others have done before us.”  
  • There is intense surveillance of people suspected of belonging to unregistered churches, creating an atmosphere of fear and uncertainty for believers. 
  • The Eritrean Orthodox Church and Islamic groups treat those who convert from its ranks harshly, subjecting Christians to social rejection and exclusion. 
  • Society is highly militarised and many are conscripted into indefinite service. Those caught worshipping whilst serving are punished severely.  

ERITREA: WHY ARE CHRISTIANS PERSECUTED?

  • Leaving the Orthodox Church or any of the four recognised religions is seen as a transgression of the social order, leaving Christians vulnerable to harassment and violent treatment. “Anything done by any churches or its members seen as a threat to the absolute control currently in place will be subjected to punishment,” shares an Open Doors expert. 
  • The government of Eritrea is highly authoritarian, its military a central aspect of its societal structure. This facilitates brutal treatment of believers who suggest opposition to the regime. The country is sometimes called the ‘North Korea of Africa’. 

Eritrea: More Details

Abdullah’s story

Becoming a Christian in Eritrea cost Abdullah* everything. His job, his freedom and eventually his life. This persecution might have ended if he’d renounced Jesus – but that was something he refused to do. He knows Jesus is worth the cost. 

Like most Eritreans, Abdullah grew up in a Muslim home. When he decided to follow Jesus, he could have been a secret believer – but he was so passionate about his new faith that he couldn’t keep it quiet. He told everyone at work about Jesus – he wanted them to know the good news too! One of his coworkers was angry, and secretly recorded him while baiting him into making political comments. The next day, Abdullah was arrested and imprisoned. 

In prison, he was only given food three times a week. His wife wasn’t allowed to bring him any extra food or clothes, or even to see him – though she did receive letters, in which she learned that he was getting increasingly sick in prison. Tragically, he eventually died.  

Those close to the family say that Abdullah was imprisoned to discourage his faith. Ultimately, the authorities wanted him to deny Christ and convert back to Islam. He was told that, were he to do this, the charges against him would be dropped. But no imprisonment, hunger, torture or sickness could separate Abdullah from the love of God.

*Name changed for security reasons

Who is vulnerable?
  • Non-traditional Christian groups, such as Evangelical, Pentecostal and Baptist churches, face the harshest repression. Unrecognised by the state, these groups and churches endure raids, imprisonment and systemic marginalization. 
  • Many church leaders are imprisoned without trial, leaving their communities without leadership.  
What has changed in the past year?

  • Eritrea has gone up one place on the World Watch List, due to a slight increase in reported incidents of violence. 
  • The regime in Eritrea has been led without interruption by President Isaias Afwerki since 1993, and so there is little likelihood of the situation changing for Eritrean Christians – except by God’s intervention. 
Watch Eyal’s Story

In this inspiring video Eyal shares how the courage of Eritrean believers is helping them to stand firm in the face of persecution, imprisonment and even death.

How is Open Doors helping

Open Doors works through strategic partnerships and local church networks in Eritrea to provide persecution survival training and discipleship.  

PRAY NOW

Father God, it’s difficult to know how to even begin to pray for Christians in Eritrea. It’s been such a difficult place to follow You for so long, and yet, we trust that Your plans will not fail as You’ve promised in Your Word. Bring a sense of hope and understanding to Christians in Eritrea, that they may be filled anew with Your life-giving Spirit. Provide joy where there is sorrow, hope where there is despair and light where there is darkness. We pray this in Jesus’s name, Amen.

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LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

North Korea

400,000 (1.5% of the population)

North Korea is the most dangerous place in the world to be a Christian. The leadership are viewed as divine, so those following Jesus pose a real threat to their ruling status. Those suspected of following Jesus will be arrested and interrogated. Up to 70,000 Christians are living in horrific labour camps.

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Somalia

Hundreds (in a population of 19.3 million)

SOMALIA: How are Christians persecuted? SOMALIA: WHY ARE CHRISTIANS PERSECUTED?

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Yemen

A small number (exact figures are hard to define)

A country where Muslims who choose to follow Jesus could face the death penalty…

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Sudan

2.2 million (4.3%)

Conflict, targeted persecution, Islamic extremism and instability all mean Christians are counting the cost in Sudan…

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Syria

300,000 (1.3%)

The past year has seen a sharp increase in violence, including the murder of Christians, forced closure of Christian schools, and attacks on churches – including the bombing of a church in Damascus in June 2025.

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Nigeria

107.3 million (45.7%)

More believers are killed for their faith in Nigeria each year than everywhere else in the world, combined…

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Pakistan

4.8 million (1.9%)

PAKISTAN: How are Christians persecuted? PAKISTAN: Why are Christians persecuted in Pakistan?  *Names changed for security reasons.

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Libya

36,300 (0.5%)

Libya: How are Christians persecuted? Libya: WHY ARE CHRISTIANS PERSECUTED?

LEVEL OF PERSECUTION:

Iran

800,00 (0.8% of the population)

Converting to Christianity from Islam is illegal in Iran, a place where Christians ca be arrested simply for attending a house church…

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